Comparative Analysis of Behaviorism and Cognitivism Theories in Islamic Religious Education Learning
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58485/elrusyd.v10i1.332Keywords:
Learning theory, Behaviorism, Cognitivism, Islamic Religious EducationAbstract
This study aims to analyze and compare the theories of behaviorism and cognitivism in the context of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning, and to identify their implications for classroom learning design and practice. The method used is a literature study with a qualitative approach, utilizing academic references, Quranic verses, and hadith to enrich the analysis. The findings indicate that behaviorism emphasizes repetition, habituation, and reinforcement, making it suitable for teaching basic religious practices such as prayer and Quran memorization. Meanwhile, cognitivism focuses on internal mental processes such as understanding, reasoning, and reflection, making it effective in teaching values, concepts, and critical thinking. Both theories contribute to improving PAI learning by offering different yet complementary strategies. Behaviorism supports the formation of discipline and routine, while cognitivism promotes deeper comprehension and meaningful engagement with Islamic teachings. The implication of this study is the need for balanced and adaptive teaching methods that consider both behavioral and cognitive aspects to achieve holistic religious education.
References
Adel, S., Athari, Z., Febriani, A., Oktavia, G. ., & Burhanudin, B. (2025). The Qur’an as a Source of Solutions for the Global Moral Crisis. Journal of Quranic Teaching and Learning, 1(2), 18-33. https://joqer.intischolar.id/index.php/joqer/article/view/10
Anggraeni, C., Elan, E., & Mulyadi, S. (2021). Metode pembiasaan untuk menanamkan karakter disiplin dan tanggungjawab di ra daarul falaah tasikmalaya. Jurnal PAUD Agapedia, 5(1), 100–109.
Aryanti, Y., Mutathahirin, M., Rahman, I., & Mulyani, R. (2022). Teacher Analysis Study According to Imam Al Ghazali in the Book of Al Adab Fi Al-Din. Ahlussunnah: Journal of Islamic Education, 1(2), 46-58. https://doi.org/10.58485/jie.v1i2.177
Asfar, A., Asfar, A., & Halamury, M. F. (2019). Teori behaviorisme. Makasar: Program Doktoral Ilmu Pendidikan. Universitas Negeri Makassar.
Darmayanti, R., Sukriyah, Y., Sahara, N., Suprayitno, K., & Susetyarini, R. E. (2024). Behaviorisme dalam Pendidikan: Pembelajaran Berbasis Stimulus-Respon. Penerbit Adab.
Dasrizal, D., Rambe, K. F., Sihombing, C. D., Khalid, E., & Safitri, D. A. (2025). Distortion of Quranic Interpretation on Socialmedia: An Analysis of the Spread of Misleading Meanings. Journal of Quranic Teaching and Learning, 1(2), 65-82. https://joqer.intischolar.id/index.php/joqer/article/view/8
Efendi, E., Ramadhani, R., Kamil, R. A., & Rahman, I. (2022). The Effect Of Building The Islamic Character Of Students At Wisma Padang State University. Jurnal Kepemimpinan dan Pengurusan Sekolah, 7(3), 271-280. https://doi.org/10.34125/jkps.v7i3
Engkizar, E., Jaafar, A., Alias, M. F. B., Guspita, R., & Albizar, A. (2025). Utilisation of Artificial Intelligence in Quranic Learning: Innovation or Threat?. Journal of Quranic Teaching and Learning, 1(2), 1-17. https://joqer.intischolar.id/index.php/joqer/article/view/7
Engkizar, E., Jaafar, A., Masuwd, M. A., Rahman, I., Datres, D., Taufan, M., Akmal, F., Dasrizal, D., Oktavia, G., Yusrial, Y., & Febriani, A. (2025). Challenges and Steps in Living Quran and Hadith Research: An Introduction. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research of Higher Education (IJMURHICA), 8(3), 426–435. https://doi.org/10.24036/ijmurhica.v8i3.396
Engkizar, E., Jaafar, A., Sarianto, D., Ayad, N., Rahman, A., Febriani, A., ... & Rahman, I. (2024). Analysis of Quran Education Problems in Majority Muslim Countries. International Journal of Islamic Studies Higher Education, 3(1), 65-80. https://doi.org/10.24036/insight.v3i1.209
Engkizar, E., Jaafar, A., Taufan, M., Rahman, I., Oktavia, G., & Guspita, R. (2023). Quran Teacher: Future Profession or Devotion to the Ummah?. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research of Higher Education (IJMURHICA), 6(4), 196-210. https://doi.org/10.24036/ijmurhica.v6i4.321
Engkizar, E., Muslim, H., Mulyadi, I., & Putra, Y. A. (2025). Ten Criteria for an Ideal Teacher to Memorize the Quran. Journal of Theory and Research Memorization Quran, 1(1), 26-39. https://joesmiq.intischolar.id/index.php/joesmiq/article/view/54
Hendrawati, T. (2024). Inovasi Pendidikan Islam: Strategi Unggulan Guru Tahfidz dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Menghafal Al-Qur’an di SDIT El-Wafa Kedungwaringin Kabupaten Bekasi: strategy, tahfidz teacher, memorizing al-qur’an. Marifah, 2(1), 23–34.
Isnaini, N. A., Rosyida, N. I., Wulandari, R., Tarsono, T., & Hasbiyallah, H. (2023). Dari Stimulus-Respon hingga Modifikasi Perilaku; Tinjauan Teori Behaviorisme John B. Watson dan Realisasinya dalam Pembelajaran. JIIP-Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 6(12), 10062–10070.
Janawi, J. (2019). Memahami karakteristik peserta didik dalam proses pembelajaran. Tarbawy: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 6(2), 68–79.
Mukhlishin, H. M. N., Pd, M., Muhlis, S., & IP, S. (2023). Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam untuk Meningkatkan Kemandirian Belajar Siswa. Penerbit Adab.
Putranta, H. (2018). Model pembelajaran kelompok sistem perilaku: Behavior system group learning model. Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta.
Rahman, I., Iskandar, M. Y., Kustati, M., & Sepriyanti, N. (2024). Sustainable Development: Implementation of The Talqin Method In Memorizing The Quran. Jurnal Kepemimpinan dan Pengurusan Sekolah, 9(1), 99-108. https://doi.org/10.34125/jkps.v9i1.355
Rahman, I., Kaema, M. T., Nurhapipah, N., Nelwati, S., Sabri, A., & Rahmanda, R. (2024). Systematic Literature Review: Analysis of Project-based Learning Models from Elementary to High School. Al-Ashri: Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman, 9(2), 53-66. https://ojs.stai-bls.ac.id/index.php/Al-Ashri/article/view/119
Rahman, I., Wati, W., Putri, N., Wulandari, R., & Habibi, U. A. (2025). Commercialization of Quranic Tahfidz Houses in Indonesia: Da’wah or Business?. Journal of Quranic Teaching and Learning, 1(2), 34-48. https://joqer.intischolar.id/index.php/joqer/article/view/6
Rasdiany, A. N., Akmal, F., Pasaleron, R., Dafrizal, D., Ningsih, R., & Rahman, I. (2024). Systematic Literature Review: The Impact of Social Competence on Teacher Communication Intelligence. Jurnal Kepemimpinan dan Pengurusan Sekolah, 9(2), 239-251. https://doi.org/10.34125/jkps.v9i2
Rehalat, A., & Rehalat, A. (2014). Model pembelajaran pemrosesan informasi. Jurnal Pendidikan Ilmu Sosial, 23(2), 1–10.
Ritiauw, S. P., & Salamor, L. (2016). Mengembangkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa sekolah dasar melalui implementasi model pembelajaran sosial inkuiri. PEDAGOGIKA: Jurnal Pedagogik Dan Dinamika Pendidikan, 4(1), 42–56.
Salsabila, Y. R., & Muqowim, M. (2024). Korelasi antara teori belajar konstruktivisme lev vygotsky dengan model pembelajaran problem based learning (pbl). LEARNING: Jurnal Inovasi Penelitian Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran, 4(3), 813–827.
Yasyakur, M. (2016). Strategi guru pendidikan agama Islam dalam menanamkan kedisiplinan beribadah sholat lima waktu. Edukasi Islami: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 5(09), 35.
